Praça Dom Pedro IV
15 minsAdmission Ticket Free
Dom Pedro IV Square
In the center of the square, stands the statue of D. Pedro IV, twenty-eighth king of Portugal and first emperor of independent Brazil, inaugurated in 1870, with the bronze statue of Elias Robert, the pedestal executed by Germano José de Salles , and the architectural risk of Jean Davioud. The monument is 27.5 meters high and is composed of potting, pedestal, column and statue, being the marble pedestal by Montes Claros, the lioz stone column by Pêro Pinheiro and the bronze statue. At the base of the pedestal, the four female figures are allegories of Justice, Prudence, Fortitude and Moderation, qualities attributed to the Soldier-King, intertwined by festoons and the shields of the 16 main cities of the country. The lower part of the column is adorned with four figures of Fame in bas-relief. The corinthian column, fluted and the statue represents D. Pedro IV in a general's uniform, covered with the mantle of royalty, his head crowned with laurel, bearing in his right hand the Constitutional Charter that he had granted.
This lower part of the city was called Valverde [after a tributary of the Tagus River. The filthy caneiro do Rossio was still covered in Lisbon in the fourteenth century. It was an irregularly angled square but it was always a large space where fairs and markets were held.
Even in the Middle Ages it began to be surrounded by buildings of various nature. In the 15th century, to the east, the Hospital Real de Todos os Santos was established, built in the reigns of D. João II and D. Manuel I, which was based on 25 pointed arches of stone, with the splendid temple in the middle. Manueline architecture, on whose façade there was a Gothic portico decorated with the emblems of the founders. Under the archway was the chapel of Senhora do Amparo, today the street with that name, to the side of Rua da Betesga the wheel of foundlings. As Rua da Betesga is the smallest street in the city of Lisbon-