Further on, proceed to the pyramids of Giza that lies on the west bank of the Nile facing Cairo. On top of Giza plateau rise the three pyramids erected by Cheops, Chepren and Mycerinus, guarded by the mysterious Sphinx which is a mythical statue with the body of a lion and a human head. Five thousand years ago, Giza became the royal burial place for Memphis, the Pharaoh’s capital city. Giza’a three pyramids and the Sphinx were constructed in the 4th dynasty of Egypt’s Old Kingdom. About 2,500 BC, King Khufu, the second pharaoh of the fourth dynasty, commissioned the building of his tomb at Giza. On an average, over 2 million blocks of stone was used to build Khufu’s pyramid, and the heaviest blocks were used as the ceiling of Khufu’s burial chamber. Khufu’s son was the next in the royal line who commissioned the building of his own pyramid complex which includes the Sphinx. Each pyramid has a mortuary temple and a valley temple linked by long causeways that were rooted and walled