Giza Pyramids which have become nearly synonymous with Egypt itself. Their incredible size continues to impress millions of visitors each year, as they struggle to comprehend how three kings, Khafre, Khufu, and Menkaure, could have constructed such huge structures so long ago. Despite their fame, the Giza Pyramids represent only a short moment in the long history of Ancient Egypt. All three great pyramids, as well as the secondary pyramids next to them, were built during the 4th dynasty of the Old Kingdom of Ancient Egypt. The Old Kingdom (c. 2686—2181 BC) was the first of the three major eras of Ancient Egypt's history. Archaeologists believe that the 4th dynasty (c. 2613—2493 BC)