The Leopold Museum is home to one of the most significant collections of early 20th-century Austrian art. Over five decades, avid art collectors Rudolf and Elisabeth Leopold amassed more than 5,000 exhibits. Situated in Vienna's popular MuseumsQuartier, the museum's dense collection showcases renowned artists such as Egon Schiele, Gustav Klimt, Oskar Kokoschka, and Richard Gerstl. The collection was consolidated in 1994, and the museum opened its doors to the public in 2001.

Young medical student Rudolf Leopold's initial art purchase in his mid-twenties evolved into an obsession. Over forty years, he consolidated more than 5,000 artworks and objects into a private foundation valued at 575 million Euros. The museum, purpose-built by the Austrian state, houses the largest and most-visited collection in Vienna's MuseumsQuartier. The primary focus is on Austrian art from the first half of the 20th century, featuring the world's largest collection of works by influential Austrian Expressionist Egon Schiele. The emphasis is on his radical and expressive works created between 1910 and 1915. The museum also boasts an impressive array of works by renowned artist Gustav Klimt, co-founder of the Vienna Secession in 1897. The permanent exhibition 'Vienna 1900' offers visitors a glimpse into an era marked by the concept of Gesamtkunstwerk, a 'total work of art' that permeates all aspects of life. The exhibition includes Expressionist paintings, pieces from the Vienna Secession, and masterpieces of the Wiener Werkstätte, the Viennese arts and crafts movement.