The archaeological investigations carried out in the eastern section of the site since its discovery in the 1970s, an area known as Cacaxtla, reveal one of the most important societies that developed in the Epiclassic period (650-900 AD) of Mesoamerica. Its power achieved political, military and economic hegemony in a large part of the Puebla-Tlaxcala valley after the fall of Teotihuacan and Cholula, achieving long-distance trade relations with distant regions such as the Gulf Coast and the Basin of Mexico. Among its vestiges highlights the Great Basamento, a large architectural complex of superimposed and attached structures that feature sophisticated mural paintings, unique in their class, in the so-called Temple of Venus, Red Temple, Mural of the Battle and Portico A. Due to the need To protect the valuable paintings, in the 1980s a wide roof of around 10,000 m2 was placed on the medullar section of the Great Basamento.

The historical center of Tlaxcala is the area of historical monuments of the city of Tlaxcala declared by the National Institute of Anthropology and History as built patrimony of the nation.

The Government Palace of the State of Tlaxcala was built in 1545; It was the residence of Luis de Moscoso, Corregidor of the Province of Tlaxcala. The original building, has been identified as a sample of the Portuguese Mudejar, suffered significant damage with the earthquake of 1711 and had to be rebuilt. In the interior the ground floor presents / displays reduced arches, on columns both in carved stone; the walls of the arcade and the stairs are covered with fresco murals by the Tlaxcaltecan painter Desiderio Hernández Xochitiotzin, which represent fundamental scenes of the Tlaxcalan history.