Udawalawe was created to provide a sanctuary for wild animals displaced by the construction of the Udawalawe Reservoir. It lies on the boundary of Sri Lanka's wet and dry zones. Udawalawe is famous for Sri Lankan Elephants, which are relatively hard to see in its open habitats. Many Elephants are attracted to the park because of the Udawalawe reservoir, with a herd of about 250 believed to be permanently resident. Other than the Elephants, the park is home to water Buffalo, water Monitor Lizards, Sambar Deer, Monkeys and the occasional Leopard, as well as it is an exciting location for Bird enthusiasts.